PURPOSES AND FINANCING OF THE DTD HYDRO-SYSTEM

Basic functional performances of DTD hydro-system:

-          drainage

-          irrigation

-          water supply

-          receiving used waters

-          navigation

-          receiving waters from the neighboring countries

-          forestry

-          fisheries

-          tourism and recreation

Sources of funding:

-          from the drainage fee- 35%

-          from the fee from used water conveyance- 18%

-          from the water supply fee- 11%

-          from the navigation fee- 15%

-          from the budget for conveying waters flowing from the neighboring countries- 16%

-          from other fees ( land and aquifer use fee)- 5%

THE DTD HYDRO-SYSTEM DRAINAGE ACTIVITIES

Drainage by means of the DTD hydro-system:

- Backa                       550.000 ha

- Banat                                   510.000 ha

- total                          1.060.000 ha

Removal of excess water from the soil:

- from our territory- 1.060.000 ha

- from Hungarian territory- 159.000 ha

- from Romanian territory- 285.000 ha

BCN receives 326m3/s water:

- in Backa                   156m3/s

- in Banat                    170m3/s

THE DTD HYDRO-SYSTEM IRRIGATION ACTIVITIES

Possibility to irrigate 510.000 ha from BCN

-Backa            210.000 ha ( 84m3/s)

- Banat                        300.000 ha (120m3/s)

THE DTD HYDRO-SYSTEM NAVIGATION

Navigation at DTD hydro-system

Existing length of navigable routes is 600,6 km:

- in Backa             353,3 km

- in Banat                         245,3 km

For the time being 1000 ton cargo boats can navigate along 338,8 km of the canal network. At the remaining canals navigation is possible for 500 t and 200 t cargo boats.

There are 40 transfer sites along the canal network:

-  public ports

-  specialized ports

- loading sites

Canals offer the possibility for transportation of 7.000.000 tons of goods annually but realized goods traffic amounts to 4.000.000 tons.

Gravel- 50-55%

Metals- 10-15%

Stone- 5%

Coal- 5%

Ores- 5%

Agricultural products- 5%

Oil and oil products- 2%

FISHING ON THE DANUBE-TISA-DANUBE HYDRO-SYSTEM

Four cage fishponds have been built until now, as follows:

-          at Novi Becej on the canal Banatska Palanka-Novi Becej

-          at Kucura on the canal Becej-Bogojevo

-          two fishponds at Bezdan on the canal Bezdan-Baja

Apart from the DTD hydro-system there are 15.000 ha of land with poor productivity where it would be possible to build fish ponds that could be supplied with water from the magistral/main canals. Until now 21 fishponds have been built beside the canal with the total surface of 5.230 ha, as follows:

SUPPLY OF INDUSTRY WITH WATER FROM THE DTD HYDRO-SYSTEM

There are 19 industrial plants that are supplied with water for technological purposes from the DTD hydro-system. The total annual quantity of water is about 17.200.000m3, as follows:

In Backa

“Sajkaska” sugar factory, Zabalj, “Jugozapadna Backa“, sugar factory, Bac, “Panon“, alcohol and vinegar factory, Crvenka, “Crvenka“, sugar factory, Crvenka, “Eterna“, leather factory, Kula, “Agrohem“, chemical industry, Novi Sad, “Naftagas”, oil refinery, Novi Sad, “Hipol”, chemical industry, Odzaci, “Ivo Lola Ribar”, textile industry, Odzaci, “Backa”, sugar factory, Vrbas, “Vital”, edible oil factory, Vrbas

In Banat

“Jedinstvo”, sugar factory, Kovacica, “Banacanka”, sugar factory, Nova Crnja, “Begej”, hat factory, Zrenjanin, “Zip”, beer industry, Zrenjanin, “Zrenjanin”, sugar factory, Zrenjanin, “Ipok”, corn processing factory, Zrenjanin, “Thermoelectric power plant-heating plant”, Zrenjanin.

The Danube-Tisza-Danube Hydro-system (DTD Hs)

• The Grand Backa Canal, which is 114 km long, was built in 1802 (the project managed by an engineer Josif Kis) and it is considered the predecessor of the Danube-Tisza-Danube Hydro-system
• In 1947 an engineer Nikola Mirkov managed to obtain the permit for the commencement of construction of the DTD Hs and to collect funds
• The project was completed in 1957
• In 1977 the construction was completed and the dam on the Tisza was put in operation
• The total length of the canal network is 960 km, including natural and partly reconstructed water course
• The canal network is navigable in the length of 600 km
• It connects 80 settlements and 50% of the total population of Vojvodina gravitates towards the Canal
• 24 regulation sluices were built, including the dam on the Tisza at Novi Becej
• There are 5 safety sluices, 16 ship locks, 6 big pumping stations, 86 new bridges (64 land transport, 21 railroad and 1 pedestrian)
• 130 million cubic meters of soil were dug out (for the sake of comparison – 179 million cubic meter of soil were dug out for the Panama Canal)
• For the needs of the Canal construction, 1.300 elaborations (studies) on 135.000 typed pages and more than 35.000 graphic drawings were made. The research works lasted for 10 years and elaboration of master designs lasted all until the commencement of construction
• For the needs of the Canal construction, 1.7 million ha of land were surveyed and new maps of Backa and Banat were made in such a way
• Close to 400 engineers participated in construction
• Half a million cubic meters of concrete were used
• The cost of construction, re-calculated to the current values, amounted to 900 million euros.

Purposes of use:

·         Drainage – the total quantity of accepted and evacuated water from 1 million ha of land in Backa and Banat is 250 million cubic meters of water a year

·         Flood control – The flood protection line in Vojvodina was made shorter (from 502 to 466 km) and the flood duration was drastically shortened

·         Irrigation – the designed potential for irrigation from the DTD Hs is 51.000 ha while around 30.000 ha are currently irrigated

·         Water supply of industry – around 40 million cubic meters of water are delivered to industry on an annual basis

·         Navigation – the designed potential is 7 million tons a year. Until the 1980s close to 3 million tons were used on the average while nowadays, one million tons are used on the average. There are 40 reloading sites on the Canal.

·         Acceptance of used waters and protection of water quality

·         Forest management

·         Fishing industry

·         Tourism and recreation.

The DTD Hs is still one of the largest world hydraulic structures. Some of technical solutions were used for the first time in construction of the DTD Hs and later on, they were copied in many other structures round the world. The dam on the Tisza and cutting of the support watershed during the construction gathered all the renowned world experts.